[nullve]

I'm an advocate of the "pass or bash" philosophy of responding to 1N. This frees up a lot of 2N bids, which allows me to play:

1N-?::

2♣ = "Stayman", incl. weak hands with 6+ m
...2♦ = no major
......P = 5+ D, weak
......(...)
......2N = "lebensohl"
.........3♣ = forced
............P = 6+ C, weak
............3♦-3♠ = GF with 4M4-OM and a a singleton/void. Usually no slam interest.
............Specifically:
............3♦ = SPL M
...............3♥ = relay
..................3♠ = SPL H [hence 4S1-H]
..................3N = SPL S [hence 1-S4H]
............3♥ = SPL C [hence 4M4-OM1-C]
............3♠ = SPL D [hence 4M4-OM1-D]
...2♥ = "H"
......(...)
......2N = "lebensohl"
.........3♣ = forced
............P = 6+ C, weak
............3♦ = 6+ D, weak
............3♥-3N = GF with 4S3-H and a singleton/void. Usually no slam interest.
............Specifically:
............3♥ = SPL C [hence 4S3-H1-C]
............3♠ = SPL D [hence 4S3-H1-D]
............3N = SPL H [hence 4S1-H]
...2♠ = "S"
......(...)
......2N = "lebensohl"
.........3♣ = forced
............P = 6+ C, weak
............3♦ = 6+ D, weak
............3♥-3N = GF with 4S3-H and a singleton/void. Usually no slam interest.
............Specifically:
............3♥ = SPL C [hence 3-S4H1-C]
............3♠ = SPL D [hence 3-S4H1-D]
............3N = SPL S [hence 1-S4H]
(...)
2N = Puppet Stayman
3♣ = 5+D5+C, weak
3♦-3♠ = GF with 3-S3-H and singleton/void. Usually no slam interest.
Specifically:
3♦ = SPL M [hence 1-M3-OM]
...3♥ = relay
......3♠ = SPL H [hence 3-S1-H]
......3N = SPL S [hence 1-S3-H]
3♥ = SPL C [hence 3-S3-H6+D1-C]
3♠ = SPL D [hence 3-S3-H1-D6+C]

[ggwhiz]

One thing that is common to many methods is that you lose something specific, ie.

With 5-5 in the majors we can pretty much play in 2 or 4. Invites are overrated and what we choose to lose when we have to lose something.

[Zelandakh]

Playing transfer rebids after a 2♦ transfer allows you to get the effect of the mentioned 1NT - 3♦ convention while retaining the hand type within the transfer structure. So after 1NT - 2♦; 2♥:-
2♠ = clubs or balanced or a strong 1-suiter
2NT = 5♥4♠, INV
3♣ = diamonds
3♦ = 5+ spades, GF
3♥ = 6+ hearts, INV

The hand types that are missing are invites with 5+♠ and 4+♥. The 5♠4♥ hand can then be handled through 2♣ (or, as I do, with a 2NT response) and 1NT - 2♥; 2♠ - 3♥ is available for 5-5 hands. Of course you can also move the 5♥4♠ invitational hand into 2♣ too in which case an extra sequence opens up.

It is also worth noting that playing 2♣ as something other than normal Stayman opens up additional possibilities for hands of this type.

Finally, as the OP is in England I will mention that Marc Smith did a series of articles in the bridge magazine addressing this and other aspects of designing a 1NT structure. It is a few years ago now (probably more than 10) but if you ask around someone might keep back copies and be able to lend you the relevant issues.

[kenrexford]

lycier, on 2015-October-25, 03:59, said:

I disagree.

What you said is 5431 convention,generally speaking,it ask responder should promise 10hcp in the hand.
But for this hand,why does opener make 4♥? because there is no any wasted points in ♠,very lucky probability distribution.
Only with 8hcp,obviously,this usually doesn't work wonders there.

The question was methods. This person bid 3NT instead.

[KurtGodel]

lycier, on 2015-October-25, 03:59, said:

Only with 8hcp,obviously,this usually doesn't work wonders there.

I think it's normal to bid 3NT at teams when vulnerable.