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Your original question is a good one. Using natural SAYC or 2/1-style bidding systems, the general rule for non-balanced hands is to open the strong bid according to the rule of four losers and four quick tricks or better. If your suit is a minor, then you may want to upgrade your minimum by close to one playing trick.
A significant exception arose back in the 1960's when 2
♣ became an artificial initial bid for the old two of a suit opener. The problem was that to show some genuine two suited hands, opener had to drive the bidding too high too fast. Hearts and a lower ranking suit are not so bad. Spades and another (esp. a minor) are awkward. The practical solution is to take a chance on an opening one bid unless the hand is extra strong.
Your example hand is not a two suiter. Therefore, you open two clubs. Once in a great while, you will lose a playable 4-4 or even 4-5
♥ fit. Opening one spade really doesn't improve your chances of finding this putative heart fit all that much. Considering that you are almost laydown for 5
♠ opposite the stiff
♠Q and out, not opening 2
♣ with the intention of rebidding 2
♠ is just plain wrong.